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The History of Rome

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From a small town to a huge empire, Rome is one of the most influential civilizations in world history. The following timeline will give you a brief overview of some of the important events and interesting facts that shaped Rome as we know it today.

753 BC

Rome Founded

According to legend, Rome was founded by Romulus and Remus, twin sons of Mars.

509 BC

Monarchy Ends

Rome is now ruled by elected officials called senators.

450 BC

First Roman Law Code

The earliest written legislation of law in Rome was written on 12 bronze tablets.

390 - 264 BC

Control of the Italian Peninsula

Camillus (multiple dictator, and named second founder of Rome) aided in triumphs for Rome that lead to control of the Italian Peninsula.

264 - 146 BC

Punic Wars

A series of wars that lead to the destruction of Ancient Carthage by the Roman Republic.

240 BC

Literature

First Roman literature appeared.

111 BC - 71 BC

Spartacus

A gladiator and 1 of 5 escaped slaves who lead an uprising against the Roman Republic.

100 BC - 44 BC

Julius Caesar

Famed dictator known for political actions and ruthless tendencies.

29 BC

Octavian

Octavian is the sole leader of Rome, in 27 BC he assumed the title of Augustus. He is also the first Roman emperor.

27 BC - 180 AD/CE

Pax Romana

A 200+ year era of peace, prosperity, and stability throughout the entire Roman Empire.

70 AD/CE

Colosseum

Construction started on the Colosseum, it later opened in 80 AD/CE.

86 AD/CE

Piazza Navona

The popular Roman square was founded.

125 AD/CE

Pantheon

The Roman temple opened.

135 AD/CE

Castel Sant'Angelo

Construction of the castle started.

3rd Century

Conflict

22 emperors took the thrown, many meeting violent deaths.

330 - 1453

Byzantine Empire

The continuation of the Roman Empire in Eastern provinces, where Constantinople was its capital.

Early 4th Century

Christianity

Constantine made christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire.

5th Century

Fall of the Roman Empire

Loss of central political control in western Roman Empire.

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7th Century

Roman Forum

The Roman Forum was first developed and the centre spot of the city.

Mid 15th - Mid 16th Century

Roman Renaissance

A period of time of artistic expression where masters Michelangelo and Raphael made their mark.

1483

Sistine Chapel

Sistine Chapel was erected in Vatican City.

17th & 18th Centuries

Age of Enlightenment

A period where a pursuit of knowledge and philosophy entered in a world of traditional values.

1615

St. Peter's Basilica

St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City was completed.

1723 - 1725

Spanish Steps

The famous Spanish Steps were constructed during this time.

1762

Trevi Fountain

Rome’s best known fountain was built.

1815

Unification of Italy

Consolidation of states into 1 single state.

1885 - 1925

Altar of Fatherhood

Picturesque Roman landmark was built between these dates.

1922 - 1943

Mussolini

Benito Mussolini is the prime minister of Italy.

1953

A Roman Holiday

Famous movie featuring Audrey Hepburn and Gregory Peck is the first American film filmed entirely in Rome.

1960

Olympics

Rome hosts the summer Olympics

2013

Pope Resignation

Pope Benedict XVI resigns – the last time a pope resigned was in 1294.

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